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MINING & REFINING  While boron is ubiquitous in the environment, substantial deposits of borates are relatively rare. Nearly half the world's refined borates are mined in California's Mojave Desert, home of our Boron Operations. Although it began as an underground mine in 1927, Boron Operations was converted to a surface mine in the late 1950s, at which time extensive facilities for refining ore were built. In 1980, Borax built its boric acid plant, securing the company's position as the world's leading boric acid supplier. Borax also mines borates in the high deserts of Argentina's Salta province, more than 14,000 feet above sea level. Borax has mining operations at Tincalayu, Sijes and two dry lake beds, Salar Cauchari and Salar Diablillos - as well as a refinery at Campo Quijano. This is South America's largest borate mining operation, and the continent's sole source of natural sodium borates. Most of Borax's Argentinean production is supplied to South American customers. Production of pharmaceutical, special quality grades and specialty borates takes place at the company's Wilmington Operations, in the Port of Los Angeles. Borax's refining complex in Coudekerque, France (near Dunkirk) produces specialty borates primarily for the European market.
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